Gold

Overview: Whoever has the gold, makes the rules. Well, this is minecraft, your rules no matter what.

Total layer range: 1-36

Sweet spot layers: 3-30
Gold is another consistently spawning ore across almost its entire range.

Percentages by layer: Equal, 0.11%

Percentages by quadrant:
Gold is affected dramatically by the quadrant glitch. The increase from NE to SW is 65%.
NE: 0.097%
NW: 0.11%
SE: 0.11%
SW: 0.16%